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2008
2007
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Mustafa Jarrar:
Mapping ORM into the SHOIN/OWL Description Logic- Towards a Methodological
and Expressive Graphical Notation for Ontology Engineering. In OTM
workshops, proceeding of the International Workshop on Object-Role
Modeling (ORM'07). Volume 4805, LNCS, Pages (729-741), Springer.
ISBN: 9783540768890. Portogal. November, 2007
(BibTex)
Abstract. We map ORM into the
SHOIN/OWL, which is the most common description logic in ontology
engineering. As SHOIN/OWL is known to be a good compromise between
expressiveness and computational complexity, this implies that the
ORM constraints mapped in this paper are the constraints that are
easier to implement and reason about. Our mappings are implemented
as an extension to the DogmaModeler tool, which uses Racer as a
background reasoning engine. Furthermore, the expressive, methodological,
and graphical capabilities of ORM make it a good candidate for use
as a graphical notation for ontology languages. In this way, industrial
experts who are not IT savvy will still be able to build and view
ontologies without needing to know the logic or reasoning foundations
underpinning them.
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Mustafa Jarrar: Towards Automated Reasoning on ORM Schemes. -Mapping ORM into the DLR_idf description logic. Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER 2007). Volume 4801, LNCS, Pages (181-197), Springer. ISBN:9783540755623. New Zealand. November 2007.
(BibTex)
Abstract. The goal of this
article is to formalize Object Role Modeling (ORM) using the DLR
description logic. This would enable automated reasoning on the
formal properties of ORM diagrams, such as detecting constraint
contradictions and implications. In addition, the expressive, methodological,
and graphical capabilities of ORM make it a good candidate for use
as a graphical notation for most description logic languages. In
this way, industrial experts who are not IT savvy will still be
able to build and view axiomatized theories (such as ontologies,
business rules, etc.) without needing to know the logic or reasoning
foundations underpinning them. Our formalization in this paper is
structured as 29 formalization rules, that map all ORM primitives
and constraints into DLR, and 2 exceptions of complex cases. To
this end, we illustrate the implementation of our formalization
as an extension to DogmaModeler, which automatically maps ORM into
DIG and uses Racer as a background reasoning engine to reason about
ORM diagrams.
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Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman:
Ontology Engineering
-The DOGMA Approach. In Elizabeth Chang and Tharam Dillon and
Robert Meersman and Katia Sycara (eds): Advances in Web Semantic.
Volume 1, A state-of-the Art Semantic Web Advances in Web Semantics
IFIP2.12. Chapter 3. Springer. 2007.
(BibTex)
Abstract. The main goal of
this chapter is to present a methodological framework for ontology
engineering (called DOGMA), which is aimed to guide ontology builders
towards building ontologies that are both highly reusable and usable,
easier to build, and smoother to maintain. First, we investigate
the main foundational challenges in ontology engineering. We examine
to what extent one can build an ontology independently of application
requirements at hand. We discuss ontology reusability verses ontology
usability. Second, we present the DOGMA approach, and its philosophy
and formalization, which suggests that an ontology be built as separate
domain axiomatization and application axiomatizations. While a domain
axiomatization focuses on the characterization of the intended meaning
(i.e. intended models) of a vocabulary at the domain level, application
axiomatizations mainly focus on the usability of this vocabulary
according to certain application/usability perspectives. An application
axiomatization is intended to specify the legal models (a subset
of the intended models) of the application(s)’ interest. Furthermore,
we show how specification languages such as (ORM, UML, EER, OWL,
etc.) can be well (re)used in ontology engineering.
Keywords: Ontology
Engineering; Lexical Semantics, DOGMA, Object Role Modeling; ORM;
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Mustafa Jarrar, Andreas Schmidt, Claude Ostyn,
and Werner Ceusters (eds):
Proceedings of the International Workshop on Ontology content and
evaluation (OnToContent 2007). In OTM Workshops (1). Volume 4805
of LNCS. page (509), Springer Berlin. ISBN: 978-3540768876. Algarve, Portugal. November 2007.
(BibTex) (WWW)
2006
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Mustafa Jarrar: Towards
the notion of gloss, and the adoption of linguistic resources in formal
ontology engineering. In proceedings of the 15th International
World Wide Web Conference (WWW2006). Edinburgh, Scotland. Pages 497-503.
ACM Press. ISBN: 1595933239. May 2006.
(BibTex)
Abstract. In this paper, we
first introduce the notion of gloss for ontology engineering
purposes. We propose that each vocabulary in an ontology should
have a gloss. A gloss basically is an informal description of the
meaning of a vocabulary that is supposed to render factual and critical
knowledge to understanding a concept, but that are unreasonable
or very difficult to formalize and/or articulate formally. We present
a set of guidelines on what should and should not be provided in
a gloss. Second, we propose to incorporate linguistic resources
in the ontology engineering process. We clarify the importance of
using lexical resources as a "consensus reference" in ontology engineering,
and so enabling the adoption of the glosses found is these resources.
A linguistic resource (i.e. its list of terms and their definitions)
shall be seen as a shared vocabulary space for ontologies. We present
an ontology engineering software tool (called DogmaModeler), and
illustrate its support of reusing of WordNet's terms and glosses
in ontology modeling.
Keywords: Ontology,
Formal ontology engineering, Lexical semantics, Gloss, WordNet,
Ontologies and WordNet, DogmaModeler.
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Philippe Cudre-Mauroux, Karl
Aberer, Alia Abdelmoty, Tiziana Catarci, Ernesto Damiani, Arantxa
Illaramendi, Mustafa Jarrar, Robert Meersman, Erich Neuhold, Christine
Parent, Kai-Uwe Sattler, Monica Scannapieco, Stefano Spaccapietra,
Peter Spyns, and Guy De Tre:
Viewpoints on Emergent Semantics. In Stefano Spaccapietra, Karl
Aberer, Philippe Cudre-Mauroux (eds): Journal on Data Semantics. 4090(6):1-27.
ISBN: 3540367128. Springer. 2006.
(BibTex)
Abstract. We introduce a novel
view on how to deal with the problems of semantic interoperability
in distributed systems. This view is based on the concept of emergent
semantics, which sees both the representation of semantics and the
discovery of the proper interpretation of symbols as the result
of a self-organizing process performed by distributed agents exchanging
symbols and having utilities dependent on the proper interpretation
of the symbols. This is a complex systems perspective on the problem
of dealing with semantics. We highlight some of the distinctive
features of our vision and point out preliminary examples of its
application.
Keywords:Semantic Interoperability,
Emergent Semantics, Semantics in Distributed Systems, Ontology.
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Mustafa Jarrar and Stijn Heymans:
Unsatisfiability Reasoning in ORM Conceptual Schemes. In Torsten
Grust et al. (eds): Proceeding of International Conference on Semantics
of a Networked World. Volume 4254, LNCS, Pages (517-534), Springer.
ISBN: 3540467882. Munich, Germany, March 2006.
(BibTex)
Abstract. ORM (Object-Role
Modeling) is a rich and well-known conceptual modeling method. As
ORM has a formal semantics, reasoning tasks such as satisfiability
checking of an ORM schema naturally arise. Satisfiability checking
allows a developer to automatically detect contradicting constraints.
However, no complete satisfiability checker is known for ORM. In
this paper, we revisit existing patterns from literature that indicate
unsatisfiability of ORM schemes i.e., schemes that cannot be populated,
and we propose refinements as well as additions for them. Although
this does not yield a complete procedure - there may be ORM schemes
passing the pattern checks while containing unsatisfiable roles
- it yields an efficient and easy to implement detection mechanism
(specially in interactive modeling tools) for the most common conceptual
modeling mistakes.
Keywords: Object Role
Modeling, ORM, NIAM, Conceptual Modeling, Ontology, Unsatisfiability,
Reasoning, Decidability, DogmaModeler
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Mustafa Jarrar, Claude Ostyn,
Werner Ceusters, and Andreas Persidis (eds):
Proceedings of the International Workshop on Ontology content and
evaluation (OnToContent 2006). In OTM Workshops (2). Volume 4278
of LNCS. page (1011), Springer Berlin. ISBN: 9783540482734. Montpellier,
France. November 2006.
(BibTex) (WWW)
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Katia Sycara, Elizabeth
Chang, Ernesto Damiani, Mustafa Jarrar, and Tharam Dillon (eds):
Proceedings of the 2nd IFIP WG 2.12 and WG 12.4 International Workshop
on Web Semantics (SWWS'06). In OTM Workshops (2). Volume 4278
of LNCS. page (1723), Springer Berlin. ISBN: 9783540482734. Montpellier,
France. November 2006.
(BibTex) (WWW)
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Mustafa Jarrar, Maria Keet,
and Paolo Dongilli: Multilingual
verbalization of ORM conceptual models and axiomatized ontologies.
Technical report. STARLab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, February 2006.
(BibTex) (WWW)
Abstract. We present a novel
approach to support multilingual verbalization of logical theories,
axiomatizations, and other specifications such as business rules.
This engineering solution is demonstrated with the Object Role Modeling
language, although its underlying principles can be reused with
other conceptual models and formal languages, such as Description
Logics, to improve its understandability and usability by the domain
expert. Our engineering solution for multilingual verbalization
is characterized by its flexibility, extensibility and maintainability
of the verbalization templates, which allow for easy augmentation
with other languages than the 9 currently supported.
Keywords: Verbalization,
Object Role Modeling, ORM, NIAM, Conceptual Modeling, Ontology,
Formal ontology engineering, DOGMA, DogmaModeler, Business Rules
2005
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Mustafa Jarrar:
Modularization and automatic composition of Object-Role Modeling (ORM)
Schemes. In OTM 2005 Workshops, proceedings of the International
Workshop on Object-Role Modeling (ORM'05). Volume 3762, LNCS, Pages
(613-625), Springer. ISBN: 3540297391. November 2005.
(BibTex)
Abstract. In this paper we present
a framework and algorithm for modularization and composition of
ORM schemes. The main goals of modularity are to enable and increase
reusability, maintainability, distributed development of ORM schemes.
Further, we enable effective browsing and management of such schemes
through libraries of ORM schema modules. For automatic composition
of modules, we present and implement a composition operator: all
atomic concepts and their relationships (i.e. fact-types) and all
constraints, across the composed modules, are combined together
to form one schema (called modular schema).
Keywords: Object Role
Modeling, ORM, NIAM, Conceptual Modeling, Ontology, Formal ontology
engineering, DOGMA, DogmaModeler, Modularization, Composition,
Reusability, Distributed Development, Maintainability.
- Mustafa Jarrar:
Towards methodological principles for ontology engineering. PhD
Thesis. Vrije Universiteit Brussel. (May 2005)
(BibTex) (WWW)
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Tharam Dillon, Ling Feng,
Mustafa Jarrar, Aldo Gangemi, Joost Breuker, Jos Lehmann, and Andre
Valente (eds): Proceedings
of the 1st IFIP WG 2.12 and WG 12.4 International Workshop on Web
Semantics (SWWS'06). In OTM Workshops. Volume 3762 of LNCS. Springer.
ISBN: 3540297391. Larnaca, Cyprus. November 2005.
(BibTex) (WWW)
2004
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Karl Aberer, Tiziana Catarci,
Philippe Cudre-Mauroux, Tharam Dillon, Stephan Grimm, Mohand-Said
Hacid, Arantza Illarramendi, Mustafa Jarrar, Vipul Kashyap, Massimo
Mecella, Eduardo Mena, Erich Neuhold, Aris Ouksel, Thomas Risse, Monica
Scannapieco, Felix Saltor, Luca De Santis, Stefano Spaccapietra, Steffen
Staab, Rudi Studer, and Olga De Troyer:
Emergent Semantics Systems. In M. Bouzeghoub, C. Goble, V. Kashyap,
S. Spaccapietra, (eds): Proceedings of the first International IFIP
Conference on Semantics of a Networked World. Volume 3226, LNCS, pages:14-44
Springer. ISBN: 3540-236090. Paris, France. June 2004.
(BibTex)
Abstract. With "peer production"
becoming commonplace and new standards like RDF or OWL paving the
way for the much anticipated semantic web, a new breed of very large
scale semantic systems is about to appear. Traditional semantic
reconciliation methods, dependent upon shared vocabularies or global
ontologies, cannot be used in such open and dynamic environments.
Instead, new heuristics based on emerging properties and local consensuses
have to be exploited in order to foster semantic interoperability
in the large. In this paper, we outline the main differences between
traditional semantic reconciliation methods and these new heuristics.
Also, we characterize the resulting emergent semantics systems and
provide a couple of hints vis-a-vis their potential applications.
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Peter Spyns, Sven Van Acker
, Martine Wynants, Mustafa Jarrar, and Andriy Lisovoy: Using
a novel ORM-based ontology modelling method to build an experimental
Innovation Router. In Enrico Motta et al.(eds): Proceedings of
14th International Conference on Engineering Knowledge in the Age
of the Semantic Web (EKAW 2004). Volume 3257, LNCS, pages 82-98, Springer.
ISBN: 3540233407. October 2004.
(BibTex)
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Mustafa Jarrar and Aldo Gangemi
(eds): Proceedings of the
2nd International Workshop on Regulatory Ontologies (WORM 2004).
In OTM Workshops. Volume 3292, LNCS, Springer. ISBN: 3540236643. Larnaca,
Cyprus. November 2004.
(BibTex) (WWW)
2003
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Mustafa Jarrar, Jan Demey,
and Robert Meersman: On
Using Conceptual Data Modeling for Ontology Engineering. In Aberer
K., March S., and Spaccapietra S., (eds): Journal on Data Semantics,
Special issue on "Best papers from the ER/ODBASE/COOPIS
2002 Conferences", 2800(1):185-207. Springer, ISBN: 3540204075.
October 2003.
(BibTex)
Abstract. This paper tackles
two main disparities between conceptual data schemes and ontologies,
which should be taken into account when (re)using conceptual data
modeling techniques for building ontologies. Firstly, conceptual
schemes are intended to be used during design phases and not at
the run-time of applications, while ontologies are typically used
and accessed at run-time. To handle this first difference, we define
a conceptual markup language (ORM-ML) that allows to represent ORM
conceptual diagrams in an open, textual syntax, so that ORM schemes
can be shared, exchanged, and processed at the run-time of autonomous
applications. Secondly, unlike ontologies that are supposed to hold
application-independent domain knowledge, conceptual schemes were
developed only for the use of an enterprise application(s), i.e.
“in-house” usage. Hence, we present an ontology engineering-framework
that enables reusing conceptual modeling approaches in modeling
and representing ontologies. In this approach we prevent application-specific
knowledge to enter or to be mixed with domain knowledge. To end,
we present DogmaModeler: an ontology-engineering tool that implements
the ideas presented in the paper.
Keywords: Ontology,
Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability,
DOGMA, DogmaModeler, ORM, ORM-ML.
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Mustafa Jarrar, Ruben Verlinden,
and Robert Meersman: Ontology-based
Customer Complaint Management. In OTM 2003 Workshops, proceedings
of the 1st International Workshop on Regulatory Ontologies and the
Modeling of Complaint Regulations. Volume 2889, LNCS, pages:594-606,
Springer. ISBN: 3540204946. Sicily, Italy. November 2003.
(BibTex)
Abstract. This paper presents
an ontology-based approach for managing and maintaining multilingual
online customer complaints. To achieve trust and transparency in
e-commerce communications and transactions, effective and cross-border
complaint platforms need to be established and may be integrated
in e-business activities. The effectiveness and width of such complaint
service platforms depend on rising to several challenges, such as
the sensitivity of business regulations and complaint resolution,
the language and cultural diversity of the cross-border business
parties, the extensibility according to the market needs and standards.
In this paper, we show how such challenges can be addressed and
simplified: first, we propose the construction of an ontology that
captures the core knowledge of the customer complaint domain. Second,
we show how the extensibility of a complaint platform can be simplified
and managed. Finally, we show how a multilingual representation
of this ontology may be constructed.
This paper outlines our main achievements in Topic Panel 6 (“Ontology,
Extensibility and Integration”), which is a special interest
group in the EU CCFORM Thematic Network project.
Keywords: Customer
Complaint Management, CRM, e-CRM, Ontology, Core Ontology, Customer
Complaint Ontology, DOGMA, ORM, Multilingual Representation of
Ontologies.
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Mustafa Jarrar and Anne Salaun
(eds): proceedings of the
1st International Workshop on Regulatory Ontologies and the Modeling
of Complaint Regulations (WORM CoRe 2003). Volume 2889, LNCS,
Springer. ISBN: 3540204946. Sicily, Italy. November 2003.
(BibTex) (WWW)
2002
-
Mustafa Jarrar and Robert
Meersman: Formal Ontology
Engineering in the DOGMA Approach. In proceedings of the International
Conference on Ontologies, Databases, and Applications of Semantics
(ODBase 2002). Volume 2519, LNCS, Pages: 1238-1254, Springer. ISBN:3540001069.
October 2002.
(BibTex)
Abstract. This paper
presents a specifically database-inspired approach (called DOGMA)
for engineering formal ontologies, implemented as shared resources
used to express agreed formal semantics for a real world domain.
Our methodology aims to addresses several related issues, such
as (a) the scalability of building and sharing ontologies; (b)
the maximization of knowledge reusability; (c) the design and
engineering process, that also simplifies building and managing
ontologies; (d) the coexistence of several rule systems and ontology
languages around a same ontology; and (e) the reconcile of the
need to represent semantics independently from language with the
need to create and use processes entirely rooted and described
in (natural) language. We first define formal ontologies in a
logic sense, i.e. as "representationless" mathematical objects
that form the range of a classical interpretation mapping from
a first order language (sometimes called a conceptual schema,
and assumed to lexically represent an application), to a set of
possible ("plausible") conceptualizations of the real world domain.
We then give a database-inspired "view" on implementations of
ontologies seen as resources. Following common model-theoretic
database practice we decompose such resources into ontology bases
and into of their explicit so-called ontological commitments.
Such architecture allows to make the latter (crucial) notion explicit
as a separate layer, with concrete and dedicated services, mediating
between the ontology base and the application instances that commit
to the ontology. We claim it also leads to methodological approaches
that naturally extend database modeling theory and practice, and
so may in turn lead to scalable solutions for ontology-based systems.
We discuss examples of the DOGMA implementation of the ontology
base server and commitment server.
Keywords: Ontology,
Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability,
DOGMA
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Peter Spyns, Robert Meersman,
and Mustafa Jarrar: Data
modelling versus Ontology engineering. SIGMOD Record 31(4):12-17.
ISSN: 01635808. March 2002.
(BibTex)
Abstract. Unlike data
models, the main fundamental asset of ontologies is the independency
from a particular application's needs, i.e. relatively generic
domain knowledge that can be used and reused among different kinds
of applications. The first main topic of this paper is to discuss
some independency aspects that help to understand the differences
and similarities between ontologies and data models. The second
main topic of this paper is to present an ontology engineering
framework that increases the independency between an ontology
and applications that use it. Our ontology engineering approach
separates "atomic" conceptual relations and "predicative" domain
rules. An ontology, defined in this way, consists of an ontology
base that holds intuitive context-specific conceptual relations
and a layer of "relatively generic" ontological commitments that
hold the ontology rules. The latter may be seen as reusable knowledge
components.
Keywords: Ontology,
Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability,
DOGMA.
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Jan Demey and Mustafa Jarrar
and Robert Meersman: A
Conceptual Markup Language that supports interoperability between
Business Rule modeling systems. In proceedings of the Tenth International
Conference on Cooperative Information Systems (CoopIS 02). Volume
2519, LNCS, Pages: 19-35, Springer, ISBN: 3540001069. October 2002.
(BibTex)
Abstract. The Internet
creates a strong demand for standardized exchange not only of
data itself but especially of data semantics, as this same internet
increasingly becomes the carrier of e-business activity (e.g.
using web services). One way to achieve this is in the form of
communicating "rich" conceptual schemas. Conceptual modeling techniques
such as EER, ORM and to some extent the UML have been developed
in the past for building information systems. These techniques
or suitable extensions can often also be used to design business
applications at a conceptual level. In this paper we adopt the
well-known CM technique of ORM, which has a rich complement of
business rule specification, and develop ORM-ML, an XML-based
markup language for ORM. Clearly domain modeling of this kind
will be closely related to work on so-called ontologies and we
will briefly discuss the analogies and differences, introducing
methodological patterns for designing distributed business models.
Since ORM schemas are typically saved as graphical files, we designed
a textual representation as a marked-up document in ORM-ML so
we can save these ORM schemas in a more machine exchangeable way
that suits networked environments. Moreover, we can now write
style sheets to convert such schemas into another syntax, e.g.
pseudo natural language, a given rule engine's language, first
order logic, a given rule engine's language. We give (in appendix)
a complete formal definition ("grammar") of ORM-ML as an XML Schema,
a comprehensive description of all of ORM's business rules in
ORM-ML syntax and present an algorithm to map ORM schemas into
ORM-ML. We illustrate the concept on a number of examples.
Keywords: Ontology,
Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability,
DOGMA
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Mustafa Jarrar and Robert
Meersman: Scalability and
Knowledge Reusability in Ontology Modeling. In Veljko Milutinovic
(eds): Proceedings of the International conference on Infrastructure
for e-Business, e-Education, e-Science, and e-Medicine (SSGRR 2002s).
Scuola Superiore G Reiss Romoli. Rome, Italy. August 2002.
(BibTex)
Abstract. The purpose
thesis of this paper is to present and discuss the scalability
and reusability capabilities of DOGMA, an ontology modeling approach.
Ontologies are repositories of domain knowledge and essential
for knowledge management in organizations and for achieving interoperation
among information systems. In the DOGMA ontology server architecture,
we implement ontologies as classical database resources separating
the "fact base" from the constraints, rules, derivations etc.
that commit an application to such a given ontology "base". This
separation allows an increased degree of scalability and reusability
for the activities of ontology building. These are key issues
in the context of the so-called Semantic Web where very large
numbers of partial ontologies will emerge.
Keywords: Ontology,
Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability,
DOGMA
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Jan Demey, Mustafa Jarrar,
and Robert Meersman: A
Markup Language for ORM Business Rules. In Schroeder M. and Wagner
G. (eds.): Proceedings of the International Workshop on Rule Markup
Languages for Business Rules on the Semantic Web (RuleML 2002). Volume
60 of CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Pages:107-128, CEUR-WS.org. June
2002.
(BibTex)
Abstract. Conceptual
modeling techniques such as EER, ORM and to some extent the UML
have been developed in the past for building information systems.
These techniques or suitable extensions can often also be used
to design business rules at a conceptual level. In particular
in this paper we adopt the well-known CM technique of ORM, which
has a rich complement of business rule specification, and develop
ORM -ML, an XML-based markup language for ORM. Clearly domain
modeling of this kind will be closely related to work on so-called
ontologies and we will briefly discuss the analogies and differences.
Since ORM schemas are typically saved as graphical files, we designed
a textual representation as a marked-up document in ORM-ML so
we can save these ORM schemas in a more machine exchangeable way
over the Internet. Moreover, we can now write style sheets to
convert such schemas into another syntax, e.g. pseudo natural
language, first order logic, a given rule engine's language, etc.
We give (in appendix) a complete formal definition ("grammar")
of ORM-ML as an XML Schema, a comprehensive description of all
of ORM's business rules in ORM-ML syntax and present an algorithm
to map ORM schema's into ORM-ML. We illustrate the concept on
a number of examples.
Keywords: Ontology,
Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability,
DOGMA
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Peter Spyns, Daniel Oberle,
Raphael Volz, Jijuan Zheng, Mustafa Jarrar, York Sure, Rudi Studer,
and Robert Meersman: OntoWeb-
a Semantic Web Community Portal. In Proceedings of the 4th International
Conference on Practical Aspects of Knowledge Management (PAKM 2002).
Volume 2569, LNCS, Pages: 189-200, Springer. ISBN: 3540003142. December
2002.
(BibTex)
Abstract. This paper
describes a semantic portal through which knowledge can be gathered,
stored, secured and accessed by members of a certain community.
In particular, this portal takes into account companies and research
institutes participating in the E. U. funded thematic network
called OntoWeb. Ontology-based annotation of information is a
prerequisite in order to offer the possibility of knowledge retrieval
and extraction. The usage of well-defined semantics allows for
the knowledge exchange between different OntoWeb community members.
Thus, members are able to publish annotated information on the
web, which is then crawled by a syndicator and stored in the portal's
knowledge base. The backbone of the portal architecture consists
of a knowledge base in which the ontology and the instances are
stored and maintained. In addition, ontology-boosted query mechanisms
and presentation facilities are provided.
Keywords: Ontology,
Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability,
DOGMA.
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Jan De Bo, Mustafa Jarrar,
Ben Majer, and Robert Meersman: Ontology-based
author profiling of documents. In Catizone R. (eds), Proceedings
of the Workshop Event Modeling for Multilingual Document Linking (LREC
2002). ELRA, pages: 23-28. Gran Canaria. 2002.
(BibTex)
Abstract. In this
paper we present the advantages of using an ontology service for
the modelling of user profiles in the EC FP5 IST project NAMIC
(IST-1999-12392). By means of an ontology server people set up
user profiles, which are in fact views, i.e. specifications of
queries on the ontology. These views are constructed using a JAVA
API, which forms the commitment layer of the ontology, built on
top of an ontology base. In NAMIC an ontology server is used to
establish a link between the lexical object representations, generated
by the natural language processors (NLP) on the one hand and the
user's interest, specified through the selection of relevant concepts
and facts of the ontology on the other. This allows to specify
a user profile independently of language, categorization and NLP
specific world models. Users then set up a profile consisting
of events, agents participating in these events and other content
information in which they are interested in. For instance, a journalist
writing articles about financial issues may be interested in related
documents containing a "raise event" of company shares. If he
has specified those conditions in his profile he will be able
to retrieve resources which contain events that are semantically
related to that kind of event pattern. User profiles in NAMIC
do not have to be static. The results of processing by the NLPs
of a document the user is currently working on, may be used to
construct a dynamic profile, which may contain events specific
for that document. This way a user's profile can be dynamically
adapted to his current interests. We also developed a tool which
illustrates the creation of user profiles using ontological concepts
and facts.
Keywords: Ontology,
Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability,
DOGMA
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